As will be discussed in the cross-cultural counselling section later in this module, client goals, and the strategies to achieve them, will not apply universally to cultural groups (Sue & Sue, 2008). In addition to culture, many other factors may affect clients' goals and priorities, the level of support they need and the most effective ways to assist them.
Identify major client needs and problems, both immediate and long-term. This includes noting whether the client may have any mental health problems and, if needed, referring them for a comprehensive assessment.
Identify the client's major strengths and existing resources.
Collaborate with the client to develop a plan of action, the goal of which is to generate the information necessary to refer the client to the support or treatment services that are most appropriate.
Intervene on behalf of the client as necessary to help get access to the needed resources and support.
Connect the client to these services—typically housing, ESL classes, income support, mental and physical health services, employment services, etc.—in the formal and informal support systems. The level of support the client needs and their capabilities and resources will determine the steps involved in each referral.
Monitor and evaluate the plan of action, adjusting the goals and/or referrals as necessary, and taking action as required to accommodate the adjusted plan.
Assist with common tasks required of Canadian citizens, such as filing an income tax return, school registration, financial literacy (e.g., opening bank accounts, setting up RRSPs, etc).